1. Dongosolo la Kuwerengera kwa IPX: Kodi Khodi Iliyonse Imatanthauza Chiyani?

Dongosolo la IP (Ingress Protection) limatanthauzidwa ndi muyezo wapadziko lonse wa IEC 60529, womwe umatchula kuchuluka kwa chitetezo chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi zotchingira zamagetsi kuti zisalowerere kuchokera ku zinthu zakunja (nambala yoyamba) ndi zakumwa (nambala yachiwiri). Pazinthu zowunikira zakunja, nambala yachiwiri (X ndi chosungira malo pomwe nambala yoyamba sinatchulidwe, zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri pazinthu zomwe kulowerera kwa tinthu tolimba sikofunikira kwambiri) ndiye chinthu chofunikira pakugwira ntchito kosalowa madzi.

IPX4 — Yotetezedwa ndi Splash:Khomalo limatetezedwa ku madzi otayira kuchokera mbali iliyonse. Njira yoyesera ya IEC 60529 imagwiritsa ntchito chopopera chothira madzi chomwe chimathira madzi pa malita 10 pamphindi kuchokera pamtunda wa mamita 0.3-0.5 kwa mphindi 5. Khomalo limapambana mayesowo ngati palibe madzi okwanira omwe amalowa m'khomalo kuti asokoneze magwiridwe antchito a zida kapena kufikira ziwalo zamoyo. IPX4 ndiye mulingo wocheperako wa zinthu zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito mvula yamphamvu kapena pafupi ndi madzi otayira (monga, kukamanga msasa, kuyenda m'mapiri, kusodza kuchokera kugombe).

IPX6 — Ndege yamadzi yamphamvu yotetezedwa:Khomalo limatetezedwa ku majeti amphamvu amadzi ochokera mbali iliyonse. Njira yoyesera ya IEC 60529 imagwiritsa ntchito nozzle ya 12.5mm yomwe imathira madzi pa malita 100 pamphindi pa mphamvu ya 100 kPa kuchokera pamtunda wa mamita 3 kwa mphindi zitatu. IPX6 ndi yovuta kwambiri kuposa IPX4 - kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kokwera ka 10, kuthamanga kwa madzi ndi kokwera ka 100, ndipo madontho a madzi ndi akulu kwambiri. IPX6 ndiye mulingo wocheperako wa zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mvula yamphamvu kapena pafupi ndi madzi opopera amphamvu (monga kayaking, kugwiritsa ntchito sitima yapamadzi, kuzimitsa moto).

IPX7 — Kutetezedwa kwa madzi kwakanthawi:Khomalo limatetezedwa kuti lisalowe m'madzi kwakanthawi pansi pa mikhalidwe yodziwika bwino ya kuthamanga ndi nthawi. Ndondomeko yoyesera ya IEC 60529 imamiza khomalo pa kuya kwa mita imodzi kwa mphindi 30. IPX7 ndiye mulingo wocheperako wa zinthu zomwe zingalowe m'madzi kwakanthawi (monga, kugwetsedwa m'madzi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi osaya). IPX7 SIkutanthauza kuti chinthucho ndi choyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa madzi mosalekeza - kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito pansi pa madzi mosalekeza, mulingo uyenera kukhala IPX8.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri kwa otumiza kunja ndi yakuti ma rating atatuwa SI ofanana ndipo SI osinthika. Chogulitsa chomwe chili ndi IPX4 sichingagulitsidwe ngati IPX6 kapena IPX7, ndipo chogulitsa chomwe chili ndi IPX6 sichingagulitsidwe ngati IPX7. Chikalata chotsatsa chiyenera kufanana ndi lipoti lenileni la mayeso. Muyezo wa IEC 60529 wagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Europe mongaEN 60529, ku China monga GB/T 4208, komanso ku United States monga chizindikiro cha muyezo wa UL. Ogulitsa kunja omwe akugulitsa mumsika wa EU ayenera kupempha makamaka malipoti oyesa a EN 60529, osati malipoti oyesa a IEC 60529 okha, chifukwa kuvomerezedwa kwa EN kungaphatikizepo kusintha kwina kwa EU.Zofunikira pa chizindikiro cha EU CE pazida zamagetsi zakunjaEN 60529 monga muyezo wogwirizana wa zopempha zoteteza kulowa.

2. Momwe Mungawerengere Lipoti la Mayeso a Factory IPX

Lipoti lovomerezeka la mayeso a IPX ku fakitale liyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi. Malipoti omwe amachotsa chilichonse mwa zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzizi nthawi zambiri si malipoti ovomerezeka a mayeso a chipani chachitatu - akhoza kukhala zolemba za mayeso a fakitale, chidule cha malonda, kapena zikalata zongopeka.

Gawo 1 — IEC 60529 muyezo wovomerezeka.Lipotilo liyenera kunena momveka bwino kuti IEC 60529 (kapena muyezo wofanana ndi wa dziko monga EN 60529 ku Europe kapena GB/T 4208 ku China) ndi muyezo woyesera. Ngati lipotilo silitchula muyezo uliwonse, si lipoti loyesera lovomerezeka.

Gawo 2 - Khodi yeniyeni ya IPX yoyesedwa.Lipotilo liyenera kunena khodi yeniyeni ya IPX yomwe idayesedwa (IPX4, IPX6, IPX7, ndi zina zotero). Lipotilo lomwe limati "layesedwa kuti lisalowe madzi" popanda kufotokoza khodi si lipoti lovomerezeka la mayeso a IPX.

Gawo 3 — Magawo oyesera.Lipotilo liyenera kufotokoza magawo enieni oyesera omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito (kuchuluka kwa madzi, kuthamanga kwa madzi, mtunda wopopera, nthawi yopopera, kuya kwa kumiza, nthawi yomitsira). Magawo awa ayenera kugwirizana ndi protocol ya IEC 60529 ya IPX code yomwe ikunenedwa.

Gawo 4 — Chiwerengero cha zitsanzo zoyesedwa.Lipotilo liyenera kunena chiwerengero cha zitsanzo za zinthu zomwe zinayesedwa. Muyezo wa IEC 60529 umafuna kuti payesedwe zitsanzo zosachepera zitatu; mafakitale ambiri amayesa zitsanzo 5-10 kuti apeze zotsatira zabwino. Lipotilo lomwe silinena kuti chiwerengero cha zitsanzo ndi chosakwanira.

Gawo 5 — Njira yopambana/yolephera.Lipotilo liyenera kufotokoza njira zovomerezeka/zolephera zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito (nthawi zambiri "palibe madzi olowa mkati mwa mpanda" kapena "palibe madzi ofikira ziwalo zamoyo") ndi zotsatira zenizeni za chitsanzo chilichonse choyesedwa. Lipotilo lomwe limati "wapambana mayeso a IPX6" popanda kufotokoza zomwe zayesedwa silikwanira.

Gawo 6 — Tsiku loyesera ndi tsiku lowerengera zida.Lipotilo liyenera kunena tsiku lomwe mayesowo adachitikira komanso tsiku loyezera zida zoyesera (nozzle yopopera, choyezera kuthamanga, ndi mita yoyezera kuyenda). Zipangizo zoyesera ziyenera kuyezedwa chaka chilichonse; lipoti loyesa lokhala ndi tsiku loyezera zida miyezi yoposa 12 tsiku loyesa lisanafike ndi lokayikitsa.

3. Mbendera Zitatu Zofiira mu Malipoti a Mayeso a Factory IPX

Zizindikiro zitatu zofiira zomwe zili mu malipoti a mayeso a IPX a fakitale zikusonyeza kuti zomwe akunena sizingalowe m'madzi sizingakhale zovomerezeka. Ogulitsa kunja omwe akuyang'ana fakitale koyamba ayenera kuyang'ana zizindikiro zofiirazi ndikupempha kufotokozera kuchokera ku fakitaleyo asanayike oda.

Chizindikiro chofiira 1 — Chikalata chotsatsa chaposa lipoti la mayeso.Zipangizo zotsatsira malonda za fakitale (tsamba lazidziwitso za malonda, tsamba lawebusayiti, ma phukusi ogulitsa) zimanena kuti IPX6 kapena IPX7, koma lipoti loyesa likuwonetsa kuyesa kwa IPX4. Uku ndiye kulakwitsa komwe kumachitika kawirikawiri. Fakitale imayesa malondawo pa muyezo wosavuta wa IPX4 koma imagulitsa ngati muyezo wovuta kwambiri wa IPX6 kapena IPX7. Wotumiza katunduyo nthawi zonse ayenera kupempha lipoti lenileni la mayeso ndikutsimikizira kuti khodi ya IPX ikugwirizana ndi zomwe akunena pa malonda.

Mbendera Yofiira 2 — Lipoti la mayeso ndi la mtundu wina wa chinthu.Fakitale imapereka lipoti loyesa la chinthu chapamwamba (monga chitsanzo chokwera mtengo kwambiri chokhala ndi chisindikizo chowonjezera), koma woitanitsa akupatsidwa chinthu chapamwamba (monga chitsanzo chotsika mtengo chokhala ndi chisindikizo chochepa). Lipoti loyesa ndi lovomerezeka pa chinthu chapamwamba, koma silitsimikizira chinthu chapamwamba. Wotumiza ayenera kutsimikizira kuti lipoti loyesa limazindikira mtundu wa chinthu choyesedwa, ndi kuti mtunduwo ukugwirizana ndi chinthu chomwe chikuperekedwa.

Chikalata chofiira 3 — Lipoti la mayeso ndi lakale kuposa miyezi 24.Muyezo wa IEC 60529 sunena nthawi yoti malipoti oyesa azitha kusungidwa, koma machitidwe amakampani ndi kuyesanso zinthu miyezi 24 iliyonse chifukwa zinthu zotsekera (ma O-rings, ma gaskets, mankhwala ophikira) zimatha kuwonongeka pakapita nthawi komanso ngati zinthuzo zasungidwa. Lipoti loyesa lomwe lili ndi miyezi yoposa 24 silingawonetse mtundu wa zomwe zapangidwa pakadali pano. Wotumiza kunja ayenera kupempha lipoti latsopano loyesa la chinthu chilichonse chomwe chakhala chikupangidwa kwa miyezi yoposa 24.

4. Mayeso Otsimikizira IPX Omwe Wotumiza Angathe Kuyendetsa Polandira Kuwunika

Ngakhale ndi lipoti lovomerezeka la IPX la fakitale, wotumiza kunja ayenera kuchita mayeso odziyimira pawokha poyang'aniridwa kuti atsimikizire kuti mayunitsi opanga akukwaniritsa muyezo wa IPX womwe ukunenedwa. Mayeso otsimikizira ndi otsika mtengo ndipo amatha kuchitika m'nyumba iliyonse yosungiramo zinthu yokhala ndi madzi.

Mayeso otsimikizira a IPX4 (mayeso ophulika):Ikani nyali yakutsogolo pansi pa pompo yothamanga madzi akuyenda pafupifupi malita 10 pamphindi (pompo ya kukhitchini yokhazikika pa mphamvu zonse) kwa mphindi 5 kuchokera pa mtunda wa masentimita 30-50. Mukamaliza kuyesa, tsegulani chipinda cha batri ndikuyang'ana ngati madzi alowa. Nyali yakutsogolo ipambana mayeso otsimikizira ngati palibe madzi omwe akuwoneka mkati mwa chipinda cha batri kapena pa malo olumikizirana ndi batri.

Mayeso otsimikizira a IPX6 (mayeso amphamvu a ndege yamadzi):Gwiritsani ntchito chotsukira champhamvu chomwe chili ndi mphamvu ya pafupifupi 100 kPa (chomwe chili chotsika kwambiri pa zotsukira zambiri zamphamvu) ndipo poperani nyali yamutu kuchokera pa mtunda wa mamita atatu kwa mphindi zitatu. Mukamaliza kuyesa, tsegulani chipinda cha batri ndikuyang'ana ngati madzi alowa. Nyali yamutu imapambana mayeso otsimikizira ngati palibe madzi omwe akuwoneka mkati mwa chipinda cha batri kapena pa mabatire. Mayeso a IPX6 amafunikira chotsukira champhamvu; ngati wobweretsa kunja alibe mwayi wopeza chotsukira champhamvu, mayeso otsimikizira a IPX6 sangachitike.

Mayeso otsimikizira a IPX7 (mayeso omiza):Imani nyali yamutu mu chidebe cha madzi akuya mita imodzi kwa mphindi 30. Mukamaliza kuyesa, tsegulani chipinda cha batri ndikuyang'ana ngati madzi alowa. Nyali yamutu imapambana mayeso otsimikizira ngati palibe madzi omwe akuwoneka mkati mwa chipinda cha batri kapena pa mabatire. Mayeso a IPX7 amafuna chidebe chomwe chingasunge nyali yamutu pa kuya mita imodzi; sinki yakuya kapena chidebe cha malita 5 chingakhale chokwanira. Kwa ogulitsa ochokera kunja omwe akufuna kutsimikizira IPX rating ku labotale yachitatu osati m'nyumba yawo yosungiramo katundu,Ndondomeko yoyesera ya IEC 60529imapezeka ku labu iliyonse yoyesera yovomerezeka ndi ISO 17025; mtengo wamba ndi $500-$2,000 pa khodi ya IPX pa mtundu uliwonse wa chinthu, ndipo nthawi zambiri kubweza ndi masiku 5-10 ogwira ntchito.

Mayeso otsimikizira ayenera kuchitika pa mayunitsi atatu kapena asanu osankhidwa mwachisawawa kuchokera pa gulu lililonse lopanga. Mtengo wosintha mayunitsi atatu kapena asanu pa gulu lililonse ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa mtengo wa chitsimikizo kapena kubweza katundu ngati mayunitsi opanga sakukwaniritsa muyezo wa IPX womwe ukunenedwa.

Kukula kwa chitsanzo ndi chidaliro cha ziwerengero:Pa gulu la mayunitsi 10,000 opanga, kuyesa mayunitsi 3-5 osankhidwa mwachisawawa kumapereka chidaliro cha 95% cha ziwerengero kuti chiŵerengero cha kulephera kwa gulu chili pansi pa 5% ngati mayunitsi onse oyesedwa apambana. Ngati wotumiza akufuna chidaliro chachikulu (monga, 95% chidaliro kuti chiŵerengero cha kulephera kwa gulu chili pansi pa 2%), kukula kwa chitsanzo kuyenera kukwera kufika pa mayunitsi pafupifupi 10-15. Mtengo wocheperako wa zitsanzo zina ndi wochepa (nyali iliyonse yamutu ndi $5-$15 yogulitsa), ndipo chidaliro chowonjezeracho chikuyenera mtengo wa gulu la kupanga lalikulu.

5. Kusinthana kwa Mtengo ndi Mtengo: Chifukwa Chake IPX6 Imawononga Ndalama Zoposa IPX4

Kusiyana kwa mtengo wa fakitale pakati pa ma IPX4, IPX6, ndi ma IPX7 kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zitatu: kapangidwe ka kutseka, kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika kwa nyumba, ndi nthawi yoyesera ya QC. Kukwera kulikonse kwa makwerero a IPX kumawonjezera mtengo, komanso kumawonjezera chitetezo cha chitsimikizo kwa wotumiza kunja.

Kukwera kwa mtengo wa IPX4 mpaka IPX6 (8-12%):Chiyeso cha IPX6 chimafuna kutseka mwamphamvu kuposa IPX4. Fakitale iyenera kuwonjezera kutseka pamalo onse omwe angalowere madzi (O-ring ya batri, chivundikiro cha USB port, switch boot, malo olumikizira mutu) ndipo iyenera kutsimikizira kutsekako ndi mayeso ovuta kwambiri a QC (kuyesa kwa IPX6 spray kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kuyeza kwa IPX4 spray). Kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wa 8-12% kumaphatikizapo zigawo zina zotsekera ndi nthawi yowonjezera ya QC.

Kukwera kwa mtengo wa IPX6 mpaka IPX7 (5-8%):Chiyerekezo cha IPX7 chimafuna kuti nyumbayo ikhale yolimba ndi mphamvu ya madzi ya mita imodzi kwa mphindi 30. Fakitale iyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka nyumba yolimba kwambiri (nthawi zambiri khoma lolimba kapena zinthu zolimba kwambiri) ndipo iyenera kuwonjezera choyikapo m'miphika pamalo olowera chingwe kuti madzi asalowe pansi pa mphamvu. Kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wa 5-8% kumaphimba mtengo wowonjezera wa zinthuzo komanso nthawi yowonjezera yopangira.

Kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wonse wa IPX4 mpaka IPX7 (13-20%):Kusiyana konse kwa mtengo wa fakitale pakati pa nyali ya IPX4 ndi nyali ya IPX7 nthawi zambiri kumakhala 13-20%. Mtengo umabwezedwa mu chiwongola dzanja chotsika cha chitsimikizo cha kulephera kwa madzi kulowa, komwe kungakhale 3-5% ya mayunitsi pachaka pa nyali za IPX4 zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yamvula ndi 0.5-1% pa nyali za IPX7 zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yamvula. Kwa wogulitsa kunja wogulitsa mayunitsi 10,000 pachaka, ndalama zomwe chitsimikizo chimasunga zitha kupitirira mtengo wowonjezera wa fakitale mkati mwa chaka choyamba.

Kwa ogulitsa kunja ogulitsa mayunitsi 10,000 pachaka pamtengo wa $15 wogulira mayunitsi, ndalama zomwe chitsimikizo chimasunga posintha kuchokera ku IPX4 kupita ku IPX7 ndi pafupifupi $4,500 pachaka (chiwongola dzanja cha 3% pa ​​$15/yunitsi). Mtengo wowonjezera wa fakitale ndi pafupifupi $2,500 (mayunitsi 10,000 × $15 × 17%). Phindu lonse la mtengo ndi pafupifupi $2,000 pachaka posintha IPX7. Kusanthula mtengo ndi phindu kumakhala kopindulitsa kwambiri pamitengo yambiri komanso m'misika yomwe imafuna ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri.

6. Kulephera kwa Dziko Lapansi: Pamene Kuwerengera kwa IPX Kwaperekedwa Molakwika

Milandu itatu yolephera m'munda kuchokera ku zolemba zothandizira makasitomala za Ningbo Mengting ikuwonetsa zotsatira za kulakwitsa kapena kulakwitsa powerenga IPX. Pazochitika zonse ziwiri, wotumiza katunduyo adapeza chinthu chomwe chinali ndi IPX yolakwika kapena adayika IPX4 mu pulogalamu yomwe inkafuna IPX6 kapena IPX7.

Nkhani 1 — Malo ogulitsira zinthu zakunja, Germany (2023 Q2):Kampani yogulitsa zinthu zakunja ku Germany idalamula mayunitsi 6,000 a nyali yotsogola yomwe imagulitsidwa ngati "IPX6 yosalowa madzi" kuti igawidwe kwa ogulitsa m'misasa ndi oyenda m'mapiri ku Germany konse. Pambuyo pa miyezi 4 yogulitsa zinthu m'masitolo, kampaniyi idalandira malipoti a makasitomala omwe akuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi 18% ya mayunitsi adalephera pambuyo pa mvula yamphamvu. Kafukufuku adawonetsa kuti fakitale yaku China idayesa malondawo malinga ndi IPX4 koma idagulitsa malondawo ngati IPX6. Mtengo wa chitsimikizo cha kampani yogulitsa zinthu unali pafupifupi $16,200 USD (18% × 6,000 × $15). Kuyambira pamenepo, kampani yogulitsa zinthu m'masitolo yalamula kuti ogulitsa onse a nyali yotsogola ayenera kupereka lipoti la mayeso a IPX la chipani chachitatu ndi kutumiza, ndipo lipotilo liyenera kukhala losakwana miyezi 12.

Nkhani 2 — Wogulitsa zachitetezo cha mafakitale, Australia (2024 Q1):Katswiri wa zachitetezo m'mafakitale ku Australia adalamula mayunitsi 4,000 a nyali ya IPX4 kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito m'migodi ku Western Australia. Katswiriyu adatchula IPX4 mu chikalata chogulira koma sanatchule zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito (ogwira ntchito m'migodi adakumana ndi madzi opopera kwambiri panthawi yoyeretsa zida). Pambuyo pa miyezi 6 yogwiritsidwa ntchito, pafupifupi 22% ya mayunitsi adalephera atakumana ndi madzi opopera kwambiri. Mtengo wa chitsimikizo cha wogulitsayo unali pafupifupi $13,200 USD. Kuyambira pamenepo, wogulitsayo wasintha kukhala nyali za IPX6 kwa makasitomala onse ogwira ntchito m'migodi, ngakhale kuti mtengo wake unali wokwera kwambiri.

Nkhani 3 — Kugula zinthu kwa boma, Southeast Asia (2024 Q4):Pangano la boma la Southeast Asia logula nyali zoyatsira moto zadzidzidzi linanena kuti “zimateteza madzi” popanda kutchula IPX code. Panganoli linaperekedwa kwa wogulitsa m'deralo yemwe adapeza nyali zoyatsira moto za IPX4 pamtengo wotsika kwambiri. Nyali zoyatsira moto zinatumizidwa kwa magulu othandiza anthu mwadzidzidzi omwe anazigwiritsa ntchito populumutsa anthu. Pambuyo pa kusefukira koyamba kwa madzi, 35% ya mayunitsi analephera chifukwa cha kulowa kwa madzi, zomwe zinaika pachiwopsezo ntchito zopulumutsa anthu ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo chachikulu cha chitetezo. Boma kuyambira pamenepo lalamula kuti kugula nyali zonse zoyatsira moto zadzidzidzi kuyenera kutchula IPX7 kapena kuposerapo.

Zitsanzo zitatu zomwe zili pamwambapa zikusonyeza njira yofanana: mtengo wofotokoza molakwika kapena kunyalanyaza kuchuluka kwa IPX ndi kuchulukitsa kangapo ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa pokonza bwino zomwe IPX imanena. Wotumiza katundu amene amapeza chinthu chovomerezeka cha IPX4 ndikuchiyika mu pulogalamu yoyenera IPX4 adzalandira chitsimikizo cha pafupifupi 1-2%. Wotumiza katundu amene amapeza chinthu chovomerezeka cha IPX4 koma akuchigulitsa ngati IPX6 adzalandira chitsimikizo cha 15-20% pamene chinthucho chikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mikhalidwe yoposa mphamvu ya IPX4.

7. Momwe Mungatchulire IPX Rating mu Purchase Order

Wotumiza katunduyo ayenera kufotokoza bwino za IPX mu mgwirizano wa oda yogulira, osati polankhulana mwachisawawa ndi fakitale. Mafotokozedwewo ayenera kuphatikizapo IPX code (IPX4, IPX6, IPX7), muyezo woyesera (IEC 60529), chofunikira pa lipoti loyesa (chiyenera kukhala lipoti loyesa la chipani chachitatu, osati mayeso a mkati mwa fakitale), ndi chofunikira pa lipoti loyesa (chiyenera kukhala chosakwana miyezi 24 panthawi yotumiza).

Mafotokozedwe a oda yogulira ayeneranso kuphatikizapo zofunikira pa mayeso otsimikizira: fakitale iyenera kuyendetsa mayeso otsimikizira a IPX pa mayunitsi osachepera atatu osankhidwa mwachisawawa kuchokera pa gulu lililonse lopanga ndikupereka lipoti lotsimikizira ndi kutumiza. Lipoti lotsimikizira ndiye maziko otsimikizira khalidwe la wotumiza kunja ngati lipoti loyesera la chipani chachitatu ndi lopeka kapena lachikale.

Ngati fakitaleyo singathe kapena siingapereke lipoti lovomerezeka la IPX la chipani chachitatu, wotumiza katunduyo ayenera kuona izi ngati chizindikiro chachikulu ndipo apemphe chitsanzo cha chipangizo choyesera payekha pamalo oyesera a wotumiza katunduyo, kapena kupeza chinthucho kuchokera ku fakitale ina yomwe ingapereke lipoti loyesera. Mtengo woyesera wodziyimira pawokha ku labu ya chipani chachitatu (nthawi zambiri $500-$2,000 pa IPX code pa mtundu uliwonse wa chinthu) ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa mtengo wokumbukira chinthucho chifukwa cha zomwe IPX yabodza.

8. Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Q: Kodi kusiyana kotani pakati pa ma rating osalowa madzi a IPX4, IPX6, ndi IPX7 ndi kotani?

A: IPX4 = yotetezedwa ku madzi otayira kuchokera mbali iliyonse (yesani: malita 10/mphindi ya madzi otayira kwa mphindi 5). IPX6 = yotetezedwa ku madzi amphamvu othamanga (yesani: malita 100/mphindi pa 100 kPa kuchokera mtunda wa mamita 3 kwa mphindi 3). IPX7 = yotetezedwa ku madzi otayira kwakanthawi (yesani: kuya kwa mita 1 kwa mphindi 30). Ma rating awa SI ofanana — IPX7 ndi yothira madzi koma IPX6 si yothira madzi, ndipo IPX4 ndi yothira madzi yokha koma IPX6 si yothira madzi.

Q: Kodi ndingatsimikizire bwanji kuti lipoti la mayeso a IPX la fakitale ndi lovomerezeka?

A: Lipoti lovomerezeka la mayeso a IPX la fakitale liyenera kuphatikizapo: (1) chizindikiro cha IEC 60529, (2) khodi yeniyeni ya IPX yoyesedwa (IPX4, IPX6, ndi zina zotero), (3) magawo oyesera (kuchuluka kwa madzi, kuthamanga, nthawi, mtunda), (4) chiwerengero cha zitsanzo zoyesedwa (nthawi zambiri mayunitsi 3-5), (5) njira yopambana/yolephera (palibe kulowa kwa madzi mkati mwa mpanda), ndi (6) tsiku loyesera ndi tsiku lowerengera zida zoyesera. Malipoti omwe amachotsa chilichonse mwa zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzizi nthawi zambiri si malipoti ovomerezeka a mayeso a chipani chachitatu.

Q: Kodi nyali yamutu ikhoza kuyesedwa ndi IPX4 koma ikadali yopanda mphamvu mvula ikagwa?

Yankho: Inde, nyali yamutu yokhala ndi IPX4 yovomerezeka iyenera kupulumuka mvula yochepa mpaka yapakatikati popanda kulowa kwa madzi. Komabe, IPX4 ndi yongotuluka madzi okha ndipo siidapangidwe kuti igwire mvula yambiri, kumiza, kapena ma jet amadzi amphamvu. Pa mvula yambiri kapena masewera a m'madzi, woitanitsa ayenera kufotokoza IPX6 kapena IPX7, osati IPX4. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha kulephera kwa nyali yamutu ya IPX4 mvula ikagwa ndi chisindikizo chowonongeka (nthawi zambiri chivundikiro cha USB port kapena O-ring ya batri) chomwe sichinayang'aniridwe bwino chisanayikidwe.

Q: Kodi kusiyana kwa mtengo pakati pa nyali za IPX4, IPX6, ndi IPX7 ndi kotani?

A: Kusiyana kwa mtengo wa fakitale pakati pa IPX4 ndi IPX6 nthawi zambiri kumakhala 8-12% (kutseka kwina, kuyesa kwina kwa QC). Kusiyana kwa mtengo wa fakitale pakati pa IPX6 ndi IPX7 nthawi zambiri kumakhala 5-8% (kuwonjezera kupanikizika kwa nyumba, chowonjezera chopangira chopopera pa chingwe). Kusiyana konse kwa mtengo pakati pa nyali ya IPX4 ndi nyali ya IPX7 nthawi zambiri kumakhala 13-20% pamtengo wa fakitale. Mtengo umabwezedwa pamitengo yotsika ya chitsimikizo cha kulephera kwa madzi kulowa.

9. Malangizo amkati: Momwe Mungatchulire IPX Rating mu Mengting Purchase Order

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