Chidziwitso choyambirira cha kuyatsa kwakunja

Mwina anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti nyali ndi chinthu chophweka, zikuwoneka kuti sichiyenera kusanthula mosamala ndi kufufuza, m'malo mwake, mapangidwe ndi kupanga nyali zoyenera ndi nyali zimafunikira chidziwitso chochuluka cha zamagetsi, zipangizo, makina, optics. Kumvetsetsa maziko awa kudzakuthandizani kuwunika momwe nyali zilili bwino.

1. Mababu a incandescent

Sizingatheke kuwona pang'ono usiku popanda nyali za incandescent. Sikophweka kupanga mababu a incandescent owala komanso opulumutsa mphamvu. Ngati babu ili ndi mphamvu inayake, imatha kudzazidwa ndi mpweya wa inert, womwe ungapangitse kuwala ndikutalikitsa moyo wa babu. Chapadera ndi nsembe ya moyo posinthanitsa ndi kuwala kwakukulu kwa mababu amphamvu kwambiri a halogen. Kuchokera pakugwiritsa ntchito panja, poganizira kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri, kudalirika komanso kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, mababu wamba wamba wa inert ndi oyenera, ndithudi, kugwiritsa ntchito nyali za halogen zowala kwambiri zimakhalanso ndi ubwino wake wonse. Bayonet yokhazikika ndi socket ya phazi kapena chikhodzodzo chapadera cha nyali ndizofala m'malo otchuka a mababu. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a chilengedwe chonse komanso kugulidwa kosavuta, nyali zogwiritsa ntchito mababu a bayonet ndizosavuta kupereka, zokhala ndi zolowa zambiri, zotsika mtengo komanso moyo wautali. Nyali zambiri zapamwamba zimagwiritsanso ntchito mababu a Halogen xenon okhala ndi bayonet, ndithudi, mtengo wa Halogen ndi wapamwamba. Sikoyenera kugula ku China, mababu a superba m'masitolo akuluakulu nawonso ndi abwino kwambiri m'malo mwake. Pofuna kuti nyali yamagetsi ikhale yopulumutsa mphamvu, ingathe kuyesa kuchepetsa mphamvu, kuwala ndi nthawi nthawi zonse zimatsutsana, pakakhala magetsi ena, mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi yaitali kwambiri, PETZL SAXO AQUA imagwiritsa ntchito 6V 0.3A krypton babu, kuti akwaniritse zotsatira za babu wamba 6V 0.5A. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi yowerengera yogwiritsa ntchito mabatire anayi a AA imafika maola 9, chomwe ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha kuwala ndi nthawi. Nyali ya megabor ya m'nyumba imakhala ndi magetsi ocheperako, omwe ndi olowa m'malo mwabwino. Inde, ndi nkhani ina ngati mukungofuna kuunikira kowala. The Surefire ndi yofanana, yokhala ndi kapu ya 65-lumen yomwe imatha pafupifupi ola limodzi pamabatire awiri a lithiamu. Chifukwa chake, pogula nyali, yang'anani mtengo wamagetsi a nyali, kuwerengera mphamvu yake, kuphatikiza ndi m'mimba mwake ya mbale ya nyali, mutha kuyerekeza kuwala kofananira, kuchuluka kwapazitali ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, simudzasokonezedwa mosavuta ndi kutsatsa kopanda pake.

2. LED

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa diode yowala kwambiri kwabweretsa kusintha kwamakampani opanga zowunikira. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso moyo wautali ndizo zabwino zake zazikulu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire angapo owuma wamba ndikokwanira kukhalabe ndi kuwala kwa LED kwa maola angapo kapena mazana ambiri akuwunikira. Komabe, vuto lalikulu la LED pakali pano kuti n'kovuta kuthetsa kusonkhanitsa kuwala, osiyana kuwala gwero zimapangitsa kuti pafupifupi sangathe kuunikira pansi mamita 10 usiku, ndi ozizira kuwala mtundu kumapangitsanso malowedwe ake a mvula panja, chifunga ndi matalala kwambiri utachepa. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri nyali zimalumikizidwa ndi njira zingapo kapena zingapo za LED kuti ziwongolere momwe zingathere, koma zotsatira zake sizodziwikiratu. Ngakhale kuti pali kale mphamvu zapamwamba komanso zowala kwambiri zowunikira, ntchitoyo siidafike posintha mababu a incandescent, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri. Mphamvu yoyendetsa galimoto ya LED wamba ili pakati pa 3-3.7V, ndipo kuwala kwa LED kumawonetsedwa ndi mcd, yokhala ndi magiredi angapo monga 5mm ndi 10mm m'mimba mwake. Kukula kwake, kukweza mtengo wa mcd, kumapangitsanso kuwala. Poganizira voliyumu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, nyali wamba amasankha mulingo wa 5mm, ndipo mtengo wa mcd ndi pafupifupi 6000-10000. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa opanga ma LED, machubu ambiri apakhomo a LED amalembedwa zabodza, ndipo mtengo wake siwodalirika. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a LED amakampani aku Japan pazogulitsa kunja amadziwika, komanso ndi nyali zosankhidwa kwambiri. Chifukwa LED ndi yokwanira kuunikira mu yaing'ono kwambiri panopa, Choncho, makumi mwadzina kapena mazana maola wamba nyali LED ayenera kuchepetsedwa kwambiri mu ntchito yeniyeni, mwina maola angapo kuwala kokwanira kuunikira msasa wonse, patapita maola ambiri ndi kuona tebulo n'zovuta, Choncho, unsembe wa voteji kusintha dera kukhathamiritsa kasinthidwe wa magetsi magetsi kunja kasinthidwe ndi muyezo nyali LED. Pakalipano, LED wamba ikadali yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati msasa kapena hema ngati kuwala kwapafupi, komwe kulinso ubwino wake.

3. Mbale ya nyali

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti mudziwe ubwino wa kuunikira ndi chonyezimira cha gwero la kuwala - mbale ya nyali. Chophimba chamba chamba chimakutidwa ndi siliva pa pulasitiki kapena mbale yachitsulo. Kwa magwero a nyali zamphamvu kwambiri, mbale yachitsulo yachitsulo imathandizira kuti pakhale kutentha, ndipo kukula kwa mbale ya nyali kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zongopeka. M'lingaliro lina, chowala mbale nyali si bwino, zotsatira zabwino za mbale nyali ndi bwalo la makwinya lalanje khungu mawonekedwe, mogwira kulamulira diffraction kuwala chifukwa cha mdima mawanga, kuti malo kuwala m'dera kuunikira moikirapo ndi yunifolomu. Nthawi zambiri, kukhala ndi mbale yokwinya kumawonetsa momwe akatswiri amawunikira pakuwunikira.

4. Lens

Magalasi amateteza nyali kapena kusintha kuwala. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi galasi kapena utomoni. Galasi ili ndi kukana kwabwino kwa kutentha, sikophweka kukanda, kukhazikika, koma mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito panja ndi yodetsa nkhawa, ndipo mtengo wa processing kumtunda wa convex ndi waukulu kwambiri, pepala la utomoni ndilothandiza pokonza, mphamvu yodalirika, kulemera kwake, koma tcherani khutu ku chitetezo chopewa kupukuta mopitirira muyeso, nthawi zambiri, magalasi abwino kwambiri a kunja amayenera kusinthidwa kukhala pepala loyang'anira, lokhala ndi mawonekedwe a convex.

5. Mabatire

Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kudandaula chifukwa nyali posachedwapa palibe magetsi, ndi mlandu pa nyali palokha, Ndipotu, kusankha batire n'kofunika kwambiri, kulankhula zambiri, mphamvu ndi kutulutsa panopa wa batire wamba zamchere ndi abwino, otsika mtengo, zosavuta kugula, zosunthika amphamvu, koma lalikulu panopa kutulutsa zotsatira si abwino, faifi tambala zitsulo hydride rechargeable chiŵerengero ndi apamwamba kusachulukira chuma mphamvu, mphamvu yamadzimadzi, mlingo ndi mkulu, kutulutsa panopa wa batire lifiyamu ndi abwino kwambiri, oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nyali mkulu-mphamvu, koma ntchito chuma si zabwino, mtengo wa lithiamu magetsi akadali okwera mtengo pakali pano, nyali lofananira makamaka mkulu-mphamvu tactical nyali, Choncho, ambiri a msika nyali ndi ntchito mtundu-dzina zamchere batire, ndi bwino kutsika batire ndi otsika kutentha, mfundo yafupika ndi otsika batire, kutsika kwambiri pa ntchito, Alkaline batire bwino, kutsika kwambiri pa ntchito ndi otsika batire. choncho, kwa nyali zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera ozizira, njira yabwino ndiyo kugwirizanitsa bokosi la batri lakunja, ndi kutentha kwa thupi kuti zitsimikizire kutentha kwa ntchito ya batri. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kwa nyali zina zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja, monga zitsanzo za PETZL ndi princeton, chifukwa electrode yoipa ya mabatire owuma akunja imakwezedwa pang'ono, kukhudzana kolakwika kwa nyali kumapangidwa kuti zikhale zosalala. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mabatire ena apakhomo okhala ndi ma elekitirodi a concave negative, pamakhala mwayi wolumikizana bwino. Yankho lake ndi losavuta, ingowonjezerani kachidutswa kakang'ono ka gasket.

6. Zida

Zitsulo, pulasitiki, nyali zoyambirira zimapangidwa ndi iwo, thupi la nyali lachitsulo ndi lamphamvu komanso lolimba, kuwala wamba ndi aloyi amphamvu a aluminiyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ngati n'koyenera, tochi yachitsulo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chida chodzitetezera, koma chitsulo chonsecho sichikhala ndi dzimbiri, cholemera kwambiri, kotero sichiri choyenera kwa nyali zosambira, kutentha kwabwino kwa matenthedwe, kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yotentha, kumapangitsanso kutentha, kumapangitsanso kutentha, kumapangitsanso kutentha, kumapangitsanso kutentha. zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito nyali, High processing ndalama. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mapulasitiki uinjiniya, polycarbonate, ABS / poliyesitala, polycarbonate galasi CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa, polyimide ndi zina zotero, ntchito ndi osiyana kwambiri, kutenga polycarbonate galasi CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa monga chitsanzo, mphamvu yake ndi yokwanira kupirira zosiyanasiyana panja chilengedwe okhwima, kukana dzimbiri, kutchinjiriza, kulemera kuwala, ndi kusankha koyenera nyali ndi kudumphira pansi. Koma pulasitiki wamba ya ABS yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito panyali zotsika mtengo ndi yaifupi kwambiri komanso yosalimba. Onetsetsani kuti mumvetsere pamene mukugula. Kawirikawiri, imatha kusiyanitsa ndi kumverera kwa kufinya kolimba.

7. Kusintha

Kuyika kwa chosinthira nyali kumatsimikizira kusavuta kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake. Chosinthira makiyi otsetsereka chofanana ndi tochi yachitsulo ndichosavuta komanso chosavuta, koma chobadwa nacho sichingakhale chopanda madzi, chomwe mwachiwonekere sichili choyenera. Kusinthana kwa batani la rabara pa nyali ya magnesium D ndikosavuta kuti kusakhale madzi komanso kosavuta, koma mwachiwonekere sikuli koyenera nthawi ngati kudumphira, ndipo kuthamanga kwamadzi kungayambitse kutsika kwa switch. Chophimba chamtundu wa mchira chimakonda kwambiri nyali zing'onozing'ono, makamaka zosavuta kuyatsa komanso zowala zazitali, koma mawonekedwe ake ovuta kuganizira kulimba ndi kudalirika ndi vuto, kukhudzana kosauka mu nyali zina zodziwika bwino za fakitale ndizofalanso. Chophimba chozungulira nyali chosinthira ndichosavuta komanso chodalirika chosinthira, koma chimangogwira ntchito imodzi yosinthira, sichingasinthidwe, ndizovuta kupanga zowunikira, zosunthika zopanda madzi sizili bwino (kusintha kwamadzi ndikosavuta kutayikira). Kusintha kwa Knob ndikomwe mumakonda kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zambiri zodumphira pansi, mawonekedwe ake ndi abwino kwambiri osalowa madzi, osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, osavuta kusuntha, odalirika kwambiri, amatha kutseka, osayatsidwa.

8. Madzi osalowa

Ndi zophweka kuweruza ngati nyali ilibe madzi kapena ayi. Yang'anani mosamala ngati pali mphete zofewa komanso zotanuka pagawo lililonse la nyali (chipewa cha nyali, switch, chivundikiro cha batri, ndi zina). Mphete zabwino kwambiri za mphira, zophatikizidwa ndi kapangidwe koyenera komanso ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wopangira, zimatha kutsimikizira kuzama kosalowa madzi kuposa mapazi 1000. Pansi pa mvula yambiri sikungatsimikizire kuti sipadzakhala kutayikira, chifukwa chake ndi chakuti mphira ya mphira sikokwanira kuti iwonetsetse kuti palimodzi pawiri. Kuchokera pamawonekedwe, kusintha kwa nyali kozungulira ndi koboti ya mbiya mwachidziwitso chosavuta kwambiri kuti zisalowe madzi, kiyi ya slide ndi chosindikizira cha mchira ndizovuta. Ziribe kanthu mtundu wa kusintha kwa mtundu wanji, ndibwino kuti musasinthe pafupipafupi mukamagwiritsa ntchito pansi pamadzi, kusinthana ndikosavuta kulowa m'madzi, podumphira, njira yotetezeka kwambiri ndikuyika mafuta pang'ono pa mphete ya mphira, imatha kusindikizidwa bwino, nthawi yomweyo, mafuta amathandizanso kukonza mphete ya rabara, kupewa kuvala msanga pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zokhala ndi mphira. gawo la nyali ku ukalamba. Iyenera kusinthidwa mu nthawi kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika kwakukulu kwa ntchito zakunja.

9. Voltage kusintha dera

Voltage kusintha dera ayenera chisonyezero chabwino cha nyali zapamwamba, ntchito voteji kusintha dera ali ndi ntchito ziwiri: The galimoto voteji wa wamba LED ndi 3-3.6V, kutanthauza kuti osachepera atatu mabatire wamba ayenera chikugwirizana mu mndandanda kukwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino. Mosakayikira, kusinthasintha kwapangidwe kwa nyali ndikoletsedwa kwambiri. Zotsirizirazi zikuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera mphamvu zamagetsi, kuti voteji isachepetse kuwala ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa batri. Nthawi zonse kukhala wololera mlingo wa kuwala, kumene, komanso atsogolere kuwala kwa kusintha kusintha. Ubwino ndi kuipa, voteji kusintha dera zambiri kuwononga osachepera 30% ya mphamvu ya magetsi, choncho, kawirikawiri ntchito otsika mphamvu mowa nyali LED. Kuwongolera kwamagetsi oyimira magetsi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi PETZL's MYO 5. Kuwala kwa LED kumasinthidwa m'magulu atatu kuti apitirize kuunikira kosalala kwa magawo atatu a LED kwa maola 10, maola 30 ndi maola 90 motsatira.

10. Kachitidwe

Pofuna kupanga nyali sizingangowala, komanso kukhala ndi ntchito zambiri zowonjezera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito bwino, zojambula zosiyanasiyana zinatuluka.

Chovala chabwino kwambiri chamutu, nthawi zambiri chimapangitsa kuti magetsi ang'onoang'ono azigwira ntchitonyali yakutsogolo yowongoleredwa, nyale zambiri zodumphira pansi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira imeneyi.

Chojambula chomwe chili pa ARC AAA chikhoza kulowetsedwa m'thumba la malaya ngati cholembera, ngakhale njira yabwino kwambiri ndikuyidula pamphepete mwa chipewa chanu ngati nyali yakumutu.

L Mapangidwe aanatsogolera protable tochindi zabwino ndithu. Zosefera zinayi zomwe zili m'chipinda chamchira ndizoyenera kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro usiku.

PETZL DUO LED ili ndi babu yosungiramo zosungiramo, monga momwe kuwala kwakunja kulili koyenera.

ARC LSHP imatha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagetsi molingana ndi zosowa. Kumbuyo kwake ndi CR123A imodzi, CR123A iwiri ndi AA iwiri

Kusunga mphamvu. Ngati muli ndi kuwala pafupi ndi inu, kusintha batire mu Pitch Black kumatha kukhala koopsa. Black Diamond Supernova ili ndi magetsi a 6V omwe amapezeka kuti apereke maola 10kuwala kwakunja kwa LEDpakusintha kwa batri kapena batire ikatha.

Ngakhale kuwunika kwanga kwanga kuli kochepa kwambiri, koma maginito amatha kudsorbed pazitsulo zazitsulo zomwe zimayamikiridwabe.

Gannet's gyro-gun II, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ngati tochi, nyali yakumutu kapena malo osiyanasiyana