Chidziwitso choyambira cha kuunikira kwakunja

Mwina anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti nyali ndi chinthu chosavuta, sizikuwoneka kuti ndizoyenera kusanthula mosamala ndi kufufuza, m'malo mwake, kapangidwe ndi kupanga nyali ndi nyali zabwino zimafunikira chidziwitso chochuluka cha zamagetsi, zipangizo, makina, ndi kuwala. Kumvetsetsa maziko awa kudzakuthandizani kuwunika bwino mtundu wa nyali.

1. Mababu oyaka

N'zosatheka kuona patali pang'ono usiku popanda nyali zoyatsira magetsi. Sikophweka kupanga mababu oyatsira magetsi kukhala owala komanso osunga mphamvu. Ngati babu lili ndi mphamvu inayake, limatha kudzazidwa ndi mpweya wosalowerera, womwe ungapangitse kuwala kukhala kowala komanso kutalikitsa moyo wa babu. Chapadera ndi kudzipereka kwa moyo posinthana ndi kuwala kwakukulu kwa mababu amphamvu kwambiri a halogen. Kuchokera pakugwiritsa ntchito panja, poganizira kugwiritsa ntchito mbali zosiyanasiyana, kudalirika komanso kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, mababu wamba a gasi osalowerera magetsi ndi oyenera kwambiri, ndithudi, kugwiritsa ntchito mababu owala kwambiri a halogen kulinso ndi ubwino wake. Bayonet wamba ndi soketi ya phazi kapena chikhodzodzo chapadera cha nyali ndizofala m'malo otchuka a mababu a nyali. Kuchokera pakuwona kuti magetsi ndi ofala komanso osavuta kugula, nyali zogwiritsa ntchito mababu okhazikika a bayonet ndizosavuta kupereka, ndi zina zambiri, mtengo wotsika komanso moyo wautali. Nyali zambiri zapamwamba zimagwiritsanso ntchito mababu a Halogen xenon ndi bayonet, ndithudi, mtengo wa Halogen ndi wapamwamba. Sikophweka kugula ku China, mababu oyaka bwino kwambiri m'masitolo akuluakulu nawonso ndi abwino kwambiri. Pofuna kuti babu la nyali lizisunga mphamvu zambiri, limangoyesa kuchepetsa mphamvu, kuwala ndi nthawi nthawi zonse zimakhala zotsutsana, ngati pali magetsi enaake, mphamvu yowunikira ya babu la nyali ndi yayitali kwambiri, PETZL SAXO AQUA imagwiritsa ntchito babu la krypton la 6V 0.3A, kuti likwaniritse mphamvu ya babu wamba wa 6V 0.5A. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi yongoganizira yogwiritsira ntchito mabatire anayi a AA imafika maola 9, zomwe ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha kuwala ndi nthawi yolinganiza. Babu la nyali la m'nyumba la megabor lili ndi mphamvu yocheperako, yomwe ndi njira yabwino yosinthira. Zachidziwikire, ndi nkhani ina ngati mukungofuna kuwala kowala. Surefire ndi yachizolowezi, yokhala ndi chivundikiro cha 65-lumen chomwe chimatenga ola limodzi lokha pa mabatire awiri a lithiamu. Chifukwa chake, pogula nyali, onani mtengo wowerengera babu la nyali, kuwerengera mphamvu yake yoyerekeza, kuphatikiza ndi m'mimba mwake wa mbale ya nyali, mutha kuwerengera kuwala koyerekeza, kuchuluka kwakukulu ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, simudzasokonezeka mosavuta ndi malonda osakhazikika.

2. LED

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa diode yowala kwambiri kwabweretsa kusintha kwa makampani opanga magetsi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso moyo wautali ndiye zabwino zake zazikulu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire angapo owuma wamba ndikokwanira kusunga LED yowala kwambiri kwa maola ambiri kapena mazana ambiri a kuwala. Komabe, vuto lalikulu la LED pakadali pano ndilakuti n'kovuta kuthetsa kusonkhanitsa kwa magetsi, gwero losiyana la kuwala limapangitsa kuti lisamathe kuunikira pansi mamita 10 usiku, ndipo mtundu wozizira wa kuwala umapangitsanso kuti kulowa kwake panja mvula, chifunga ndi chipale chofewa kuchepe kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri nyali zimalumikizidwa ndi njira zingapo kapena zingapo za LED kuti ziwongolere momwe zingathere, koma zotsatira zake sizikuonekera. Ngakhale pali kale ma LED amphamvu kwambiri komanso owunikira kwambiri, magwiridwe antchito sanafike posintha mababu a incandescent, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri. Voliyumu yoyendetsera ya LED wamba ndi pakati pa 3-3.7V, ndipo mulingo wowala wa LED umawonetsedwa ndi mcd, wokhala ndi magiredi angapo monga 5mm ndi 10mm m'mimba mwake. Kukula kwa m'mimba mwake, mtengo wa mcd ukakhala wokwera, kuwala kumakwera. Pofuna kuganizira kuchuluka kwa magetsi ndi mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, nyali wamba zimasankha mulingo wa 5mm, ndipo mtengo wa mcd ndi pafupifupi 6000-10000. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa opanga ma LED, machubu ambiri a LED am'nyumba amalembedwa molakwika, ndipo mtengo wake siwodalirika. Nthawi zambiri, magwiridwe antchito a LED a makampani aku Japan pazinthu zotumizidwa kunja amadziwika, ndipo ndi nyali zodziwika bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa LED ndi yokwanira kuyatsa mumagetsi ochepa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, nyali wamba za LED ziyenera kuchepetsedwa kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni, mwina maola ochepa kuwala kusanafike kokwanira kuyatsa msasa wonse, patatha maola ambiri ndi iyo kuti muwone tebulo kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa chake, kuyika kwa magetsi osinthira dera kukonza kasinthidwe ka mphamvu zamagetsi ndiko kasinthidwe kokhazikika ka nyali zapamwamba za LED zakunja. Pakadali pano, LED wamba ikadali yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati msasa kapena hema ngati gwero la kuwala pafupi, lomwe ndi phindu lake.

3. Mbale ya nyale

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chodziwira ubwino wa kuwala ndi chowunikira cha gwero la kuwala - mbale ya nyali. Mbale ya nyali yamba imakutidwa ndi siliva pa mbale ya pulasitiki kapena yachitsulo. Pa magwero a nyali amphamvu kwambiri, mbale ya nyali yachitsulo imakhala yabwino kwambiri pakutaya kutentha, ndipo kukula kwa mbale ya nyali kumatsimikiza mtundu wa malingaliro. Mwanjira ina, mbale ya nyali ikawala kwambiri siili bwino, zotsatira zabwino za mbale ya nyali ndi bwalo la makwinya okhala ndi mawonekedwe a khungu la lalanje, zomwe zimawongolera bwino kufalikira kwa kuwala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mawanga akuda, kotero kuti malo owala m'dera lowala azikhala okhazikika komanso ofanana. Nthawi zambiri, kukhala ndi mbale yokhala ndi makwinya kumasonyeza kuti munthu ali ndi luso lowunikira.

4. Galasi

Lenzi imateteza nyali kapena kulumikiza kuwala. Nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi galasi kapena utomoni. Galasi imakhala ndi kukana kutentha bwino, sikophweka kukanda, ndi kokhazikika, koma mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito panja ndi yodetsa nkhawa, ndipo mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito pamwamba pa utomoni ndi waukulu kwambiri, pepala la utomoni ndi loyenera kukonzedwa, mphamvu yodalirika, kulemera kopepuka, koma samalani ndi chitetezo kuti mupewe kupukutidwa kwambiri, makamaka, lenzi yabwino kwambiri ya tochi yakunja iyenera kukonzedwa kukhala pepala la utomoni wa mawonekedwe a lenzi yozungulira, ikhoza kukhala yothandiza kwambiri powongolera kuwala kozungulira.

5. Mabatire

Nthawi zambiri mungadandaule chifukwa chake nyali posachedwa palibe magetsi, ndipo mlandu pa nyali yokha, kwenikweni, kusankha batri ndikofunikiranso, makamaka, mphamvu ndi mphamvu yotulutsa ya batri wamba ya alkaline ndizoyenera, mtengo wotsika, zosavuta kugula, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, koma mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa si yabwino, chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya batri ya nickel metal hydride ndi chapamwamba, kuzungulira kwake kuli kotsika mtengo, Koma kuchuluka kwa kutulutsa komwe kumadzitulutsa ndi kwakukulu, mphamvu yotulutsa ya batri ya lithiamu ndi yabwino kwambiri, yoyenera kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zamphamvu kwambiri, koma ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito si zabwino, mtengo wa magetsi a lithiamu ukadali wokwera mtengo pakadali pano, nyali zofanana ndi nyali zamphamvu kwambiri, chifukwa chake, nyali zambiri zamsika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito batri yodziwika bwino ya alkaline. Kuchita bwino kwambiri, kuchokera pa mfundo, magwiridwe antchito a batri ya Alkaline adzachepetsedwa kwambiri kutentha kochepa, chifukwa chake, nyali zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ozizira, njira yabwino ndikulumikiza bokosi la batri lakunja, ndi kutentha kwa thupi kuti zitsimikizire kutentha kwa batri. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti pa nyali zina zochokera kunja, monga mitundu ina ya PETZL ndi princeton, chifukwa ma electrode oipa a mabatire ouma akunja amakwezedwa pang'ono, kukhudzana koipa kwa nyali kumapangidwa kuti kukhale kosalala. Mukagwiritsa ntchito mabatire ena apakhomo okhala ndi ma electrode oipa opindika, pali kuthekera kosagwirizana bwino. Yankho ndi losavuta, ingowonjezerani gasket pang'ono.

6. Zipangizo

Zitsulo, pulasitiki, ndi nyali zoyambira zimapangidwa ndi izi, thupi la nyali yachitsulo ndi lolimba komanso lolimba, kuwala wamba ndi aluminiyamu yolimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ngati pakufunika, tochi yachitsulo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati chida chodzitetezera, koma chitsulo chonsecho sichimalimbana ndi dzimbiri, cholemera kwambiri, kotero sichiyenera kuyatsa nyali zodumphira m'madzi, kutentha kwabwino, kumathandiza kutayikira kutentha nthawi imodzi, komanso kumabweretsa kugwiritsa ntchito malo ozizira, zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zamutu, ndalama zambiri zokonzera. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mapulasitiki auinjiniya, polycarbonate, ABS/ polyester, polycarbonate glass fiber reinforced, polyimide ndi zina zotero, magwiridwe antchito nawonso ndi osiyana kwambiri, tengani polycarbonate glass fiber yolimbikitsidwa mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yake ndi yokwanira kuthana ndi malo osiyanasiyana akunja ovuta, kukana dzimbiri, kutchinjiriza, kulemera kopepuka, ndi chisankho chabwino cha nyali zamutu ndi nyali zodumphira m'madzi. Koma pulasitiki wamba wa ABS womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nyali zotsika mtengo ndi waufupi kwambiri komanso wokhalitsa. Onetsetsani kuti mwawuyang'anira mukamagula. Nthawi zambiri, ukhoza kusiyanitsidwa ndi kumva kufinya kolimba.

7. Sinthani

Kukhazikitsa kwa switch ya nyali kumatsimikizira kusavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Chosinthira cha makiyi chotsetsereka chofanana ndi tochi yachitsulo ndi chosavuta komanso chosavuta, koma chobadwa nacho sichingakhale chopanda madzi konse, zomwe mwachionekere sizoyenera. Chosinthira cha rabara pa tochi ya magnesium D n'chosavuta kukhala chopanda madzi komanso chosavuta, koma mwachionekere sichiyenera nthawi monga kudumphira m'madzi, ndipo kuthamanga kwa madzi kungayambitse kutuluka kwa switch. Chosinthira chamtundu wa tail press chimakonda kwambiri nyali zazing'ono, makamaka zosavuta kuwunikira komanso zowala kwambiri, koma kapangidwe kake kovuta kuganizira kulimba ndi kudalirika ndi vuto, kukhudzana kosayenera m'nyali zina zodziwika bwino za fakitale nakonso n'kofala. Chosinthira cha chivundikiro cha nyali chozungulira ndi chosinthira chosavuta komanso chodalirika, koma chingathe kuchita ntchito imodzi yokha yosinthira, sichingagawidwe m'magulu, n'kovuta kupanga ntchito yolunjika, chosalowa madzi sichabwino (chosinthira chogwirira ntchito cha madzi n'chosavuta kutulutsa). Chosinthira cha knob ndi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi nyali zambiri zodumphira m'madzi, kapangidwe kake ndi kotetezeka kwambiri, kosagwira ntchito, kosasuntha, kudalirika kwambiri, kumatha kutseka, sikungayatsidwe.

8. Chosalowa madzi

N'zosavuta kuweruza ngati nyali ndi yosalowa madzi kapena ayi. Yang'anani mosamala ngati pali mphete za rabara zofewa komanso zotanuka m'mbali iliyonse ya nyali (chivundikiro cha nyali, switch, chivundikiro cha batri, ndi zina zotero). Mphete zabwino kwambiri za rabara, kuphatikiza kapangidwe koyenera komanso ukadaulo wabwino kwambiri wopangira, zitha kutsimikizira kuzama kosalowa madzi kwa mamita opitilira 1000. Pakagwa mvula yambiri sizingatsimikizire kuti sipadzakhala kutayikira, chifukwa chake ndikuti kusinthasintha kwa rabara sikokwanira kutsimikizira kuti malo awiriwa akugwirizana bwino. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a kapangidwe, chosinthira cha nyali ndi chosinthira cha barrel knob mwachiphunzitso, chosinthira chosavuta kusalowa madzi, chosinthira kiyi ndi chosindikizira cha mchira ndi chovuta. Kaya mtundu wanji wa kapangidwe ka switch, ndibwino kuti musasinthe pafupipafupi mukagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa madzi, njira yosinthira ndiyosavuta kulowa m'madzi, pakudumphira m'madzi, njira yotetezeka kwambiri ndikuyika mafuta pang'ono pa mphete ya rabara, ikhoza kutsekedwa bwino, nthawi yomweyo, mafuta amathandiziranso kusamalira mphete ya rabara, kupewa kuwonongeka msanga chifukwa cha ukalamba, patatha zaka zambiri mu nyali, mphete ya rabara ndiye gawo losatetezeka kwambiri la nyali kuti ikule. Iyenera kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi kuti zitsimikizire kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito panja ndi kodalirika kwambiri.

9. Dongosolo losinthira magetsi

Dongosolo losinthira magetsi liyenera kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito nyali zapamwamba, kugwiritsa ntchito dera losinthira magetsi kuli ndi ntchito ziwiri: Voltage yoyendetsa ya LED wamba ndi 3-3.6V, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mabatire atatu wamba ayenera kulumikizidwa motsatizana kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zabwino. Mosakayikira, kusinthasintha kwa kapangidwe ka nyali kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Chomalizachi chikuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu zamagetsi, kotero kuti voltage isachepetse kuwala ndi kuchepetsa batri. Nthawi zonse sungani kuwala koyenera, ndithudi, kumathandizanso kuwala kwa kusintha kwa kusintha. Ubwino wake uli ndi zovuta, dera losinthira magetsi nthawi zambiri limawononga osachepera 30% ya mphamvu zamagetsi, kotero, nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyali za LED zomwe sizimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Dongosolo losinthira magetsi loyimira limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi PETZL's MYO 5. Kuwala kwa LED kumasinthidwa m'magawo atatu kuti kusunge kuwala kosalala kwa magawo atatu a LED kwa maola 10, maola 30 ndi maola 90 motsatana.

10. Magwiridwe antchito

Kuti nyali zisamangoyatsa zokha, komanso zikhale ndi ntchito zambiri zowonjezera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, mapangidwe osiyanasiyana adawonekera.

Chovala chamutu chabwino kwambiri, nthawi zambiri chingapangitse kuti chamagetsi chamanja chaching'ono chikhale ndi gawo lanyali ya mutu yotha kuchajidwanso ndi LED, nyali zambiri zodumphira m'madzi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira imeneyi.

Chokokera pa ARC AAA chikhoza kuikidwa m'thumba la shati ngati cholembera, ngakhale njira yabwino kwambiri ndikuchikokera m'mphepete mwa chipewa chanu ngati nyali yakutsogolo.

L Kapangidwe katochi yotchinga ya LEDndi yabwino kwambiri. Zosefera zinayi zomwe zili m'chipinda chakumbuyo ndizoyenera kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zizindikiro usiku.

PETZL DUO LED ili ndi babu lowonjezera lomangidwa mkati, monga momwe magetsi aliwonse akunja oyenerera ayenera kukhalira.

ARC LSHP ingagwiritse ntchito mosavuta mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphamvu malinga ndi zosowa. Kumbuyo kwake ndi single CR123A, double CR123A ndi double AA

Mphamvu yobwezera. Ngati muli ndi nyali pafupi nanu kokha, kusintha batri mu phula lakuda nthawi zambiri kumakhala koopsa. Black Diamond Supernova ili ndi magetsi a 6V omwe amakupatsani maola 10 akuwala kwa LED kwakunjanthawi ya kusintha kwa batri kapena pamene batri yatha.

Ngakhale kuti kuwunika kwanga kuli kochepa kwambiri, koma maginito amatha kulowetsedwa pamwamba pa chitsulo cha ntchitoyo akuyamikiridwabe.

Gannet's gyro-gun II, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ngati tochi, nyali yamutu kapena malo osiyanasiyana